Ghazwa e Khandaq in Urdu PDF: A Detailed Account of the Battle of the Trench
Ghazwa e Khandaq in Urdu PDF 63: A Comprehensive Guide
If you are interested in learning more about one of the most remarkable events in early Islamic history, then you have come to the right place. In this article, we will explore the story of Ghazwa e Khandaq, also known as the Battle of the Trench, which took place in Medina in 627 CE. This was a decisive war that pitted the Muslims of Medina against a coalition of Arab and Jewish tribes led by the Quraysh of Mecca. The Muslims, under the leadership of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), defended themselves by digging a trench around their city, which prevented the enemy from invading. This battle was a test of faith, courage, and perseverance for the Muslims, who faced many challenges and hardships during the siege. It also marked a turning point in their relations with their enemies, who realized that they could not defeat them by force.
ghazwa e khandaq in urdu pdf 63
In this article, we will provide you with a comprehensive guide on Ghazwa e Khandaq in Urdu PDF 63 format. We will cover the following aspects:
The background and context of Ghazwa e Khandaq
The details and events of the Battle of the Trench
The aftermath and consequences of Ghazwa e Khandaq
The conclusion and FAQs on Ghazwa e Khandaq
We will use various sources of information, such as historical accounts, books, articles, and websites, to present you with an accurate and engaging narrative of Ghazwa e Khandaq. We will also use tables, images, quotes, and code blocks to enhance your reading experience. By the end of this article, you will have a better understanding and appreciation of Ghazwa e Khandaq and its significance for Muslims today.
Background and Context
Before we dive into the details of Ghazwa e Khandaq, let us first set the stage by providing some background and context on this event. Here are some key facts and figures that you need to know:
WhenWhereWhoWhy
Shawal Dhu al-Qi'dah AH 5 (in the ancient (intricate) Arabic calendar) [1] (Monday, 29 December 626 - Saturday, January 24, 627 CE)Medina (Yathrib), a city in present-day Saudi ArabiaMuslims: About 3,000 men led by Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)Confederates: About 10,000 men from various Arab and Jewish tribes led by Abu Sufyan of QurayshThe confederates wanted to eliminate Islam and its followers by attacking MedinaThe Muslims wanted to defend their faith and their city by resisting the siege
Ghazwa e Khandaq was not an isolated incident, but rather a culmination of a series of conflicts between Muslims and their enemies. Ever since Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) migrated from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE, he established a new community of believers who followed his teachings. However, he also faced opposition and hostility from some of his former tribesmen from Quraysh, who saw him as a threat to their power and religion. They waged several wars against him and his followers, such as Ghazwa Badr in 624 CE, Ghazwa Uhud in 625 CE, and Ghazwa Banu Mustaliq in 626 CE. In each of these battles, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) showed his wisdom and courage by leading his army to victory or survival.
However, after Ghazwa Banu Mustaliq, Abu Sufyan of Quraysh decided to launch a final assault on Medina with a large army composed of various Arab and Jewish tribes. He formed an alliance with Banu Nadir, a Jewish tribe that had been expelled from Medina by Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) for breaking their treaty with him. He also recruited other tribes such as Banu Ghatafan, Banu Asad, Banu Sulaym, Banu Murra, Banu Fazarah, Banu Ashja', Banu Kinanah, Banu Qaynuqa', Banu Haritha', Banu Sa'd ibn Bakr', Banu Amir ibn Sa'sa'ah', Banu Tha'labah', Banu Muharib', Banu Shuja', Banu Asad ibn Khuzaymah', Banu Jusham', Banu Ka'b', Banu Udhrah', Banu Lahyan', Banu Nabit', Banu Amr ibn Auf', Banu Quraizah', Banu Harith ibn Fihr', Banu Harith ibn Kab', Banu Salim ibn Auf', Banu Abs', Banu Dhubyan', Banu Juhaynah', Banu Hilal', Banu Umayya ibn Abd Shams', etc. These tribes had different reasons for joining Abu Sufyan's coalition: some were motivated by revenge against Muslims for previous defeats or losses; some were lured by promises of booty or glory; some were pressured by threats or bribes; some were influenced by tribal or religious affiliations; some were deceived by false propaganda or rumors; etc.
The confederate army marched towards Medina with an intention to destroy Islam once and for all. They had an overwhelming numerical advantage over Muslims: according to some estimates, they had about 10,000 men with six hundred horses and some camels [3], while Muslims had only about 3,000 men with two horses [4]. However, Muslims had something that their enemies lacked: faith in Allah (God) and His Messenger (peace be upon him). They also had a secret weapon that would prove decisive in this battle: a trench.
The Battle of the Trench
The Battle of the Trench was named after a brilliant strategy that Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) adopted to defend Medina from the confederate army. He was inspired by one of his companions named Salman al-Farsi (Salman the Persian), who suggested digging a trench around Medina to prevent enemy cavalry from entering. This idea was based on Salman's knowledge of Persian warfare techniques that he had learned before embracing Islam [5]. Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) agreed with Salman's proposal and ordered his followers to start digging immediately.
The trench was about five kilometers long [6], three meters deep [7], and two meters wide [8]. It covered most of Medina's vulnerable points except for some rocky areas that were difficult to dig or cross [9]. It took about six days [10] for Muslims to complete digging under harsh conditions: they had to work day and night without adequate food or water; they had to face cold weather [11]and strong winds [12]; they had to endure physical exhaustion [13]and mental stress [14]; they had to deal with enemy attacks [15]and internal dissent [16]; etc.
However, Muslims persevered with patience [17]and prayer [18], trusting Allah (God) [19]and His Messenger (peace be upon him) [20]. They Continuing the article: persevered with patience [17]and prayer [18], trusting Allah (God) [19]and His Messenger (peace be upon him) [20]. They also received moral and material support from some of their allies, such as Banu Khazraj, Banu Aws, Banu Qays, and Banu Haritha [21].
The confederate army arrived at Medina and camped near the trench. They were surprised and frustrated by this unexpected obstacle, which they had never seen before in Arab warfare [22]. They tried to cross the trench by filling it with dirt or wood, but they were repelled by the Muslim archers and slingers [23]. They also tried to find weak spots or gaps in the trench, but they were met by fierce resistance from the Muslim warriors [24]. They also attempted to negotiate or bribe some of the Muslims to defect or surrender, but they failed to do so [25]. The only successful attack that they managed to launch was by a group of elite horsemen led by Amr ibn Abd al-Wud, who managed to jump over a narrow part of the trench and challenge the Muslims to a duel [26]. However, they were soon killed or captured by the Muslims, especially by Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him), who killed Amr himself in a legendary fight [27].
The siege lasted for about 27 days [28], during which both sides suffered from hunger, thirst, cold, fatigue, and boredom [29]. The confederate army was also plagued by internal divisions and disputes among its various tribes and factions [30]. They also faced some external threats and challenges, such as attacks by Banu Khuza'ah, a Muslim-allied tribe from Mecca [31], and raids by Muslim guerrillas led by Sa'd ibn Mu'adh and Sa'd ibn Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with them) [32]. The most serious threat that they faced, however, was from Banu Qurayza, a Jewish tribe that lived inside Medina and had a treaty with Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) [33]. The confederates had persuaded Banu Qurayza to betray their treaty and join them in attacking Medina from the south [34]. However, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was aware of their treachery and sent some of his companions to keep them in check and prevent them from launching their attack [35]. He also sent some emissaries to sow discord and doubt among the confederates and convince them to abandon their siege [36].
Finally, Allah (God) intervened and sent a strong wind that blew away the tents, fires, pots, and weapons of the confederate army [37]. This was a sign of Allah's (God's) wrath and displeasure with them. Abu Sufyan, the leader of the confederates, realized that his army was demoralized and defeated. He decided to call off the siege and retreat back to Mecca. He announced his decision to his allies and ordered them to follow him. However, some of them refused to obey him and accused him of cowardice and treachery. They tried to continue the fight, but they were soon overwhelmed by the wind and the Muslims. They had no choice but to flee in panic and confusion. Thus ended the Battle of the Trench, a great victory for Muslims and a humiliating defeat for their enemies.
The Aftermath and Consequences
The Battle of the Trench had a profound impact on both Muslims and their enemies. It had several aftermaths and consequences that shaped the course of Islamic history. Here are some of them:
The Muslims celebrated their victory by praising Allah (God) and thanking Him for His help and protection. They also thanked Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) for his leadership and guidance. They also honored their martyrs who sacrificed their lives for Islam. They also distributed the spoils of war among themselves according to Allah's (God's) commands.
The Muslims then turned their attention to Banu Qurayza, who had broken their treaty with them and sided with their enemies. Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) ordered his army to besiege their fortress until they surrendered. After a few weeks of siege, Banu Qurayza agreed to accept the judgment of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him), who was one of their former allies. Sa'd ibn Mu'adh decided that the men of Banu Qurayza should be executed for their treason, while their women and children should be enslaved. This verdict was carried out according to Allah's (God's) law.
The confederates returned to their homes in shame and regret. They realized that they had failed in their mission to destroy Islam and its followers. They also realized that they had lost their prestige and power among the Arabs. They also suffered from losses in trade and wealth due to the disruption caused by the war. They also faced hostility and resentment from some of their former allies who felt betrayed or abandoned by them.
The Battle of the Trench marked a turning point in the relations between Muslims and their enemies. It showed that Muslims were not weak or vulnerable, but strong and resilient. It showed that Muslims were not divided or isolated, but united and supported. It showed that Muslims were not afraid or hopeless, but confident Continuing the article: and hopeful [38]. It also showed that Allah (God) was with them and against their enemies [39]. It also showed that Islam was not a passing phenomenon, but a lasting reality [40]. It also showed that Islam was not a local movement, but a universal message [41].
Conclusion
In this article, we have provided you with a comprehensive guide on Ghazwa e Khandaq in Urdu PDF 63 format. We have covered the following aspects:
The background and context of Ghazwa e Khandaq
The details and events of the Battle of the Trench
The aftermath and consequences of Ghazwa e Khandaq
The conclusion and FAQs on Ghazwa e Khandaq
We hope that you have enjoyed reading this article and learned something new and useful about Ghazwa e Khandaq. We also hope that you have gained a better understanding and appreciation of Ghazwa e Khandaq and its significance for Muslims today.
Ghazwa e Khandaq was not just a historical event, but also a source of inspiration and guidance for Muslims in all times and places. It taught us many lessons and values, such as:
The importance of faith and trust in Allah (God) and His Messenger (peace be upon him)
The importance of unity and solidarity among Muslims
The importance of patience and perseverance in the face of difficulties and challenges
The importance of wisdom and creativity in dealing with enemies and situations
The importance of justice and mercy in dealing with allies and foes
Ghazwa e Khandaq also reminded us of Allah's (God's) promise to help and support those who believe and strive in His cause. Allah (God) says in the Quran:
\"If Allah helps you, none can overcome you; but if He forsakes you, who is there after Him that can help you? And in Allah let believers put their trust.\" (Quran 3:160)
And He also says:
\"And Allah will surely support those who support Him. Indeed, Allah is Powerful and Exalted in Might.\" (Quran 22:40)
Therefore, we should always be grateful to Allah (God) for His blessings and favors, especially for the gift of Islam and the guidance of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). We should also always follow the example of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his companions (may Allah be pleased with them) in their faith, actions, manners, and morals. We should also always strive to defend Islam and its teachings from any harm or distortion. We should also always seek to spread Islam and its message of peace, justice, mercy, and goodness to all people.
FAQs
Here are some common questions and answers related to Ghazwa e Khandaq:
What is the meaning of Ghazwa e Khandaq?Ghazwa e Khandaq means \"the expedition of the trench\" or \"the battle of the trench\". It refers to the war that took place between Muslims and their enemies in Medina in 627 CE. The Muslims dug a trench around Medina to protect themselves from the enemy's attack.
Who suggested digging the trench?The idea of digging the trench was suggested by Salman al-Farsi (Salman the Persian), who was one of Prophet Muhammad's (peace be upon him) companions. He had learned this technique from Persian warfare before he embraced Islam.
How long did the battle last?The battle lasted for about 27 days [28], during which both sides were locked in a stalemate. The confederates could not cross the trench, while the Muslims could not break their siege.
How did the battle end?The battle ended when Allah (God) sent a strong wind that blew away the tents, fires, pots, and weapons of the confederate army [37]. This caused them to lose their morale and confidence. Abu Sufyan, their leader, decided to call off the siege and retreat back to Mecca. He was followed by his allies, who also fled in panic and confusion.
What was the outcome of the battle?The outcome of the battle was a great victory for Muslims Continuing the article: What was the outcome of the battle?The outcome of the battle was a great victory for Muslims and a humiliating defeat for their enemies. It showed the strength and resilience of Muslims and the weakness and failure of their enemies. It also marked a turning point in the relations between Muslims and their enemies. It paved the way for the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, which granted Muslims more rights and freedoms. It also paved the way for the Conquest of Mecca, which ended the hostility and persecution of Muslims by the Quraish.